Environment & Ecology
World Ozone Day: The Montreal Protocol and the Kigali Amendment
16 September marks the International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer — a reminder of the world's most successful environmental treaty.
1 min readPrelimsGS Paper III
Why is this in the news?
The International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer is observed every year on 16 September, the date on which the Montreal Protocol was signed in 1987.
Key agreements
| Agreement | Year | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Vienna Convention | 1985 | Framework for protecting the ozone layer |
| Montreal Protocol | 1987 | Phase-out of ozone-depleting substances such as CFCs |
| Kigali Amendment | 2016 | Phase-down of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) |
India's commitments
- India ratified the Kigali Amendment in 2021.
- India follows a later HFC phase-down schedule available to a group of developing countries.
- The India Cooling Action Plan (2019) addresses cooling demand across sectors.
TagsOzoneMontreal ProtocolHFCs
All current affairs for 16 September 2026